$npx -y skills add Abhinavbwj/Urban-Design-Skills-Claude --skill mobility-and-transportComprehensive mobility and transport planning for urban design including trip generation, mode split targets, street network connectivity, transit planning, cycling network design, pedestrian accessibility, freight and servicing strategy, parking demand management, and traffic im
| 1 | # Mobility and Transport Planning Skill |
| 2 | |
| 3 | This skill provides a comprehensive transport and mobility planning framework |
| 4 | for urban design at the neighborhood, district, and city scales. It draws on |
| 5 | ITE Trip Generation (11th Edition), TfL transport assessment guidance, ITDP |
| 6 | standards, NACTO transit street guidance, Dutch cycling infrastructure design |
| 7 | manuals (CROW), and global best practices from cities achieving high |
| 8 | non-car mode shares. |
| 9 | |
| 10 | The goal is to ensure every urban design proposal includes a robust, |
| 11 | multimodal transport strategy that prioritizes walking, cycling, and transit |
| 12 | over private car use, while handling freight and servicing efficiently. |
| 13 | |
| 14 | --- |
| 15 | |
| 16 | ## 1. Transport Demand Estimation |
| 17 | |
| 18 | ### 1.1 Trip Generation by Land Use (ITE 11th Edition Basis) |
| 19 | |
| 20 | Use the following rates for preliminary transport demand estimation. Rates |
| 21 | are per unit (dwelling, 100m2 GFA, room, seat) and represent daily person-trips |
| 22 | (all modes). Apply mode split factors (Section 2) to convert to vehicle trips. |
| 23 | |
| 24 | **Residential** |
| 25 | |
| 26 | | Type | Unit | Daily Person-Trips | AM Peak | PM Peak | |
| 27 | |------|------|--------------------|---------|---------| |
| 28 | | Detached house | per dwelling | 9.4 | 0.74 | 1.00 | |
| 29 | | Townhouse / row house | per dwelling | 7.2 | 0.56 | 0.76 | |
| 30 | | Low-rise apartment (1-3 floors) | per dwelling | 6.6 | 0.51 | 0.62 | |
| 31 | | Mid-rise apartment (4-10 floors) | per dwelling | 5.4 | 0.36 | 0.44 | |
| 32 | | High-rise apartment (11+ floors) | per dwelling | 4.2 | 0.30 | 0.36 | |
| 33 | | Student housing | per bed | 3.6 | 0.28 | 0.32 | |
| 34 | | Senior housing | per unit | 3.0 | 0.20 | 0.24 | |
| 35 | |
| 36 | **Commercial / Office** |
| 37 | |
| 38 | | Type | Unit | Daily Person-Trips | AM Peak | PM Peak | |
| 39 | |------|------|--------------------|---------|---------| |
| 40 | | General office | per 100m2 GFA | 11.0 | 1.56 | 1.49 | |
| 41 | | Medical office | per 100m2 GFA | 36.1 | 2.78 | 3.46 | |
| 42 | | Business park | per 100m2 GFA | 12.4 | 1.73 | 1.74 | |
| 43 | | Co-working / flexible | per 100m2 GFA | 14.0 | 1.90 | 1.80 | |
| 44 | |
| 45 | **Retail** |
| 46 | |
| 47 | | Type | Unit | Daily Person-Trips | AM Peak | PM Peak | |
| 48 | |------|------|--------------------|---------|---------| |
| 49 | | Neighborhood retail | per 100m2 GFA | 42.7 | 1.03 | 3.75 | |
| 50 | | Shopping center | per 100m2 GFA | 37.8 | 0.96 | 3.41 | |
| 51 | | Supermarket | per 100m2 GFA | 102.2 | 3.40 | 9.48 | |
| 52 | | Convenience store | per 100m2 GFA | 737.0 | 33.6 | 52.4 | |
| 53 | | Restaurant / F&B | per 100m2 GFA | 89.9 | 0.73 | 7.49 | |
| 54 | |
| 55 | **Civic / Institutional** |
| 56 | |
| 57 | | Type | Unit | Daily Person-Trips | AM Peak | PM Peak | |
| 58 | |------|------|--------------------|---------|---------| |
| 59 | | Primary school | per student | 1.5 | 0.80 | 0.28 | |
| 60 | | Secondary school | per student | 1.7 | 0.75 | 0.28 | |
| 61 | | University | per student | 2.4 | 0.56 | 0.17 | |
| 62 | | Hospital | per bed | 11.2 | 1.07 | 0.93 | |
| 63 | | Community center | per 100m2 GFA | 33.3 | 0.73 | 3.22 | |
| 64 | | Place of worship | per seat | 0.6 | 0.01 | 0.04 | |
| 65 | | Library | per 100m2 GFA | 54.0 | 1.25 | 4.90 | |
| 66 | |
| 67 | **Hospitality** |
| 68 | |
| 69 | | Type | Unit | Daily Person-Trips | AM Peak | PM Peak | |
| 70 | |------|------|--------------------|---------|---------| |
| 71 | | Hotel (business) | per room | 8.2 | 0.60 | 0.59 | |
| 72 | | Hotel (resort) | per room | 5.6 | 0.32 | 0.41 | |
| 73 | | Serviced apartment | per unit | 4.8 | 0.34 | 0.40 | |
| 74 | |
| 75 | ### 1.2 Aggregation Method |
| 76 | |
| 77 | For a mixed-use district, total daily person-trips: |
| 78 | |
| 79 | ``` |
| 80 | Total Person-Trips = Sum of (units x trip rate) for each use |
| 81 | |
| 82 | Then apply internal capture reduction: |
| 83 | - Mixed-use districts with vertical/horizontal mix: 10-25% internal capture |
| 84 | - Single-use zones: 0-5% internal capture |
| 85 | - TOD areas: additional 5-15% reduction for transit proximity |
| 86 | |
| 87 | Adjusted Person-Trips = Total x (1 - internal_capture) x (1 - transit_reduction) |
| 88 | ``` |
| 89 | |
| 90 | ### 1.3 Peak Hour Analysis |
| 91 | |
| 92 | Peak hours determine intersection capacity requirements: |
| 93 | |
| 94 | ``` |
| 95 | AM Peak Vehicle Trips = Adjusted Person-Trips x AM_peak_factor x car_mode_share |
| 96 | PM Peak Vehicle Trips = Adjusted Person-Trips x PM_peak_factor x car_mode_share |
| 97 | |
| 98 | Where: |
| 99 | AM_peak_factor = AM Peak Trip Rate / Daily Trip Rate (typically 0.08-0.12) |
| 100 | PM_peak_factor = PM Peak Trip Rate / Daily Trip Rate (typically 0.09-0.14) |
| 101 | ``` |
| 102 | |
| 103 | --- |
| 104 | |
| 105 | ## 2. Mode Split Framework |
| 106 | |
| 107 | ### 2.1 Target Mode Split by Context |
| 108 | |
| 109 | Mode split targets depend on urban context, transit provision, and design |
| 110 | quality. Use the |