$npx -y skills add ancoleman/ai-design-components --skill architecting-securityDesign comprehensive security architectures using defense-in-depth, zero trust principles, threat modeling (STRIDE, PASTA), and control frameworks (NIST CSF, CIS Controls, ISO 27001). Use when designing security for new systems, auditing existing architectures, or establishing se
| 1 | # Security Architecture |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Design and implement comprehensive security architectures that protect systems, data, and users through layered defense strategies, zero trust principles, and risk-based security controls. |
| 4 | |
| 5 | ## Purpose |
| 6 | |
| 7 | Security architecture provides the strategic foundation for building resilient, compliant, and trustworthy systems. This skill guides the design of defense-in-depth layers, zero trust implementations, threat modeling methodologies, and mapping to control frameworks (NIST CSF, CIS Controls, ISO 27001). |
| 8 | |
| 9 | Unlike tactical security skills (configuring firewalls, implementing authentication, scanning vulnerabilities), security architecture focuses on strategic planning, comprehensive defense strategies, and governance frameworks. |
| 10 | |
| 11 | ## When to Use This Skill |
| 12 | |
| 13 | Use security architecture when: |
| 14 | |
| 15 | - Designing security for greenfield systems (new applications, cloud migrations) |
| 16 | - Conducting security audits or risk assessments of existing systems |
| 17 | - Implementing zero trust architecture across enterprise environments |
| 18 | - Establishing security governance programs and compliance frameworks |
| 19 | - Threat modeling applications, APIs, or microservices architectures |
| 20 | - Selecting and mapping security controls to regulatory requirements (SOC 2, HIPAA, PCI DSS) |
| 21 | - Designing cloud security architectures (AWS, GCP, Azure multi-account strategies) |
| 22 | - Addressing supply chain security (SLSA framework, SBOM implementation) |
| 23 | |
| 24 | ## Core Security Architecture Principles |
| 25 | |
| 26 | ### 1. Defense in Depth |
| 27 | |
| 28 | Implement multiple independent layers of security controls so that if one layer fails, others continue to protect critical assets. |
| 29 | |
| 30 | **9 Defense Layers (2025 Model):** |
| 31 | |
| 32 | 1. **Physical Security:** Data center access, environmental controls, hardware security modules (HSMs) |
| 33 | 2. **Network Perimeter:** Next-gen firewalls (NGFW), DDoS protection, web application firewalls (WAF) |
| 34 | 3. **Network Segmentation:** VLANs, VPCs, security groups, micro-segmentation |
| 35 | 4. **Endpoint Protection:** EDR, antivirus, device encryption, patch management |
| 36 | 5. **Application Layer:** Secure coding, WAF, API security, SAST/DAST scanning |
| 37 | 6. **Data Layer:** Encryption (at-rest, in-transit, in-use), DLP, backup/recovery |
| 38 | 7. **Identity & Access Management:** MFA, SSO, RBAC/ABAC, privileged access management (PAM) |
| 39 | 8. **Behavioral Analytics:** UEBA, ML-based anomaly detection, threat intelligence |
| 40 | 9. **Security Operations:** SIEM, SOAR, incident response, continuous monitoring |
| 41 | |
| 42 | **Key Principle:** Each layer provides independent protection. Failure of one layer does not compromise the entire system. |
| 43 | |
| 44 | For detailed layer-by-layer implementation patterns, see `references/defense-in-depth.md`. |
| 45 | |
| 46 | ### 2. Zero Trust Architecture |
| 47 | |
| 48 | Implement "never trust, always verify" principles where every access request is authenticated, authorized, and continuously validated. |
| 49 | |
| 50 | **Core Zero Trust Principles:** |
| 51 | |
| 52 | 1. **Continuous Verification:** Authenticate and authorize every access request (no implicit trust) |
| 53 | 2. **Least Privilege Access:** Grant minimal permissions required, use just-in-time (JIT) access |
| 54 | 3. **Assume Breach:** Design systems expecting compromise, limit blast radius |
| 55 | 4. **Explicit Verification:** Verify user identity (MFA), device health, application integrity, context (location, time, behavior) |
| 56 | 5. **Micro-Segmentation:** Divide networks into small isolated zones, control east-west traffic |
| 57 | |
| 58 | **Zero Trust Architecture Components:** |
| 59 | |
| 60 | - **Policy Engine:** Centralized authorization decision point (allow/deny) |
| 61 | - **Identity Provider (IdP):** User/machine identity verification (Azure AD, Okta) |
| 62 | - **Device Posture Service:** Device health checks (MDM, EDR integration) |
| 63 | - **Context/Risk Engine:** Behavioral analytics, location, time, threat intelligence |
| 64 | - **Policy Enforcement Points:** Gateways enforcing decisions (ZTNA, API gateways) |
| 65 | |
| 66 | For zero trust implementation roadmap and reference architecture, see `references/zero-trust-architecture.md`. |
| 67 | |
| 68 | ### 3. Threat Modeling |
| 69 | |
| 70 | Systematically identify, prioritize, and mitigate security threats through structured methodologies. |
| 71 | |
| 72 | **Primary Methodologies:** |
| 73 | |
| 74 | | Methodology | Purpose | Complexity | Best For | |
| 75 | |-------------|---------|------------|----------| |
| 76 | | **STRIDE** | Threat identification | Low | Development teams, quick threat analysis | |
| 77 | | **PASTA** | Risk-centric analysis | High | Enterprise risk management | |
| 78 | | **DREAD** | Risk scoring | Low | Prioritizing existing threats | |
| 79 | | **Attack Trees** | Visual threat analysis | Medium | Security architecture reviews | |
| 80 | |
| 81 | **STRIDE Threat Categories:** |
| 82 | |
| 83 | - **S**poofing: Attacker impersonates another user/system (Mitigation: MFA, certificate validation) |
| 84 | - **T**ampering: Unau |