$npx -y skills add chaterm/terminal-skills --skill ci-cdCI/CD 流水线配置
| 1 | # CI/CD 流水线配置 |
| 2 | |
| 3 | ## 概述 |
| 4 | Jenkins、GitLab CI、GitHub Actions 等 CI/CD 工具配置技能。 |
| 5 | |
| 6 | ## GitHub Actions |
| 7 | |
| 8 | ### 基础工作流 |
| 9 | ```yaml |
| 10 | # .github/workflows/ci.yml |
| 11 | name: CI |
| 12 | |
| 13 | on: |
| 14 | push: |
| 15 | branches: [main, develop] |
| 16 | pull_request: |
| 17 | branches: [main] |
| 18 | |
| 19 | jobs: |
| 20 | build: |
| 21 | runs-on: ubuntu-latest |
| 22 | |
| 23 | steps: |
| 24 | - uses: actions/checkout@v4 |
| 25 | |
| 26 | - name: Setup Node.js |
| 27 | uses: actions/setup-node@v4 |
| 28 | with: |
| 29 | node-version: '18' |
| 30 | cache: 'npm' |
| 31 | |
| 32 | - name: Install dependencies |
| 33 | run: npm ci |
| 34 | |
| 35 | - name: Run tests |
| 36 | run: npm test |
| 37 | |
| 38 | - name: Build |
| 39 | run: npm run build |
| 40 | ``` |
| 41 | |
| 42 | ### 矩阵构建 |
| 43 | ```yaml |
| 44 | jobs: |
| 45 | test: |
| 46 | runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }} |
| 47 | strategy: |
| 48 | matrix: |
| 49 | os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest, macos-latest] |
| 50 | node-version: [16, 18, 20] |
| 51 | |
| 52 | steps: |
| 53 | - uses: actions/checkout@v4 |
| 54 | - uses: actions/setup-node@v4 |
| 55 | with: |
| 56 | node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }} |
| 57 | - run: npm ci |
| 58 | - run: npm test |
| 59 | ``` |
| 60 | |
| 61 | ### Docker 构建与推送 |
| 62 | ```yaml |
| 63 | jobs: |
| 64 | docker: |
| 65 | runs-on: ubuntu-latest |
| 66 | |
| 67 | steps: |
| 68 | - uses: actions/checkout@v4 |
| 69 | |
| 70 | - name: Login to Docker Hub |
| 71 | uses: docker/login-action@v3 |
| 72 | with: |
| 73 | username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }} |
| 74 | password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} |
| 75 | |
| 76 | - name: Build and push |
| 77 | uses: docker/build-push-action@v5 |
| 78 | with: |
| 79 | context: . |
| 80 | push: true |
| 81 | tags: user/app:${{ github.sha }} |
| 82 | ``` |
| 83 | |
| 84 | ### 部署到 Kubernetes |
| 85 | ```yaml |
| 86 | jobs: |
| 87 | deploy: |
| 88 | runs-on: ubuntu-latest |
| 89 | needs: build |
| 90 | |
| 91 | steps: |
| 92 | - uses: actions/checkout@v4 |
| 93 | |
| 94 | - name: Configure kubectl |
| 95 | uses: azure/k8s-set-context@v3 |
| 96 | with: |
| 97 | kubeconfig: ${{ secrets.KUBE_CONFIG }} |
| 98 | |
| 99 | - name: Deploy |
| 100 | run: | |
| 101 | kubectl set image deployment/app app=user/app:${{ github.sha }} |
| 102 | kubectl rollout status deployment/app |
| 103 | ``` |
| 104 | |
| 105 | ## GitLab CI |
| 106 | |
| 107 | ### 基础配置 |
| 108 | ```yaml |
| 109 | # .gitlab-ci.yml |
| 110 | stages: |
| 111 | - build |
| 112 | - test |
| 113 | - deploy |
| 114 | |
| 115 | variables: |
| 116 | DOCKER_IMAGE: $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHA |
| 117 | |
| 118 | build: |
| 119 | stage: build |
| 120 | image: docker:latest |
| 121 | services: |
| 122 | - docker:dind |
| 123 | script: |
| 124 | - docker login -u $CI_REGISTRY_USER -p $CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD $CI_REGISTRY |
| 125 | - docker build -t $DOCKER_IMAGE . |
| 126 | - docker push $DOCKER_IMAGE |
| 127 | |
| 128 | test: |
| 129 | stage: test |
| 130 | image: node:18 |
| 131 | script: |
| 132 | - npm ci |
| 133 | - npm test |
| 134 | coverage: '/Coverage: \d+\.\d+%/' |
| 135 | |
| 136 | deploy: |
| 137 | stage: deploy |
| 138 | image: bitnami/kubectl:latest |
| 139 | script: |
| 140 | - kubectl set image deployment/app app=$DOCKER_IMAGE |
| 141 | only: |
| 142 | - main |
| 143 | environment: |
| 144 | name: production |
| 145 | url: https://app.example.com |
| 146 | ``` |
| 147 | |
| 148 | ### 多环境部署 |
| 149 | ```yaml |
| 150 | .deploy_template: &deploy_template |
| 151 | stage: deploy |
| 152 | image: bitnami/kubectl:latest |
| 153 | script: |
| 154 | - kubectl config use-context $KUBE_CONTEXT |
| 155 | - kubectl set image deployment/app app=$DOCKER_IMAGE |
| 156 | |
| 157 | deploy_staging: |
| 158 | <<: *deploy_template |
| 159 | variables: |
| 160 | KUBE_CONTEXT: staging |
| 161 | environment: |
| 162 | name: staging |
| 163 | only: |
| 164 | - develop |
| 165 | |
| 166 | deploy_production: |
| 167 | <<: *deploy_template |
| 168 | variables: |
| 169 | KUBE_CONTEXT: production |
| 170 | environment: |
| 171 | name: production |
| 172 | only: |
| 173 | - main |
| 174 | when: manual |
| 175 | ``` |
| 176 | |
| 177 | ## Jenkins |
| 178 | |
| 179 | ### Jenkinsfile(声明式) |
| 180 | ```groovy |
| 181 | // Jenkinsfile |
| 182 | pipeline { |
| 183 | agent any |
| 184 | |
| 185 | environment { |
| 186 | DOCKER_IMAGE = "user/app:${BUILD_NUMBER}" |
| 187 | DOCKER_CREDENTIALS = credentials('docker-hub') |
| 188 | } |
| 189 | |
| 190 | stages { |
| 191 | stage('Checkout') { |
| 192 | steps { |
| 193 | checkout scm |
| 194 | } |
| 195 | } |
| 196 | |
| 197 | stage('Build') { |
| 198 | steps { |
| 199 | sh 'npm ci' |
| 200 | sh 'npm run build' |
| 201 | } |
| 202 | } |
| 203 | |
| 204 | stage('Test') { |
| 205 | steps { |
| 206 | sh 'npm test' |
| 207 | } |
| 208 | post { |
| 209 | always { |
| 210 | junit 'test-results/*.xml' |
| 211 | } |
| 212 | } |
| 213 | } |
| 214 | |
| 215 | stage('Docker Build') { |
| 216 | steps { |
| 217 | sh "docker build -t ${DOCKER_IMAGE} ." |
| 218 | } |
| 219 | } |
| 220 | |
| 221 | stage('Docker Push') { |
| 222 | steps { |
| 223 | sh "echo ${DOCKER_CREDENTIALS_PSW} | docker login -u ${DOCKER_CREDENTIALS_USR} --password-stdin" |
| 224 | sh "docker push ${DOCKER_IMAGE}" |
| 225 | } |
| 226 | } |
| 227 | |
| 228 | stage('Deploy') { |
| 229 | when { |
| 230 | branch 'main' |
| 231 | } |
| 232 | steps { |
| 233 | sh "kubectl set image deployment/app app=${DOCKER_IMAGE}" |
| 234 | } |
| 235 | } |
| 236 | } |
| 237 | |
| 238 | post { |
| 239 | always { |
| 240 | cleanWs() |
| 241 | } |
| 242 | success { |
| 243 | slackSend channel: '#deployments', message: "Build ${BUILD_NUMBER} succeeded" |
| 244 | } |
| 245 | failure { |
| 246 | slackSend channel: '#deployments', message: "Build ${BUILD_NUMBER} failed" |
| 247 | } |
| 248 | } |
| 249 | } |
| 250 | ``` |
| 251 | |
| 252 | ### Jenkinsfile(脚本式) |
| 253 | ```groovy |
| 254 | node { |
| 255 | stage('Checkout') { |