load-balancer

Name: load-balancer
Author: chaterm

55installs12forks

How to install load-balancer?

chaterm/terminal-skills/load-balancer

$npx -y skills add chaterm/terminal-skills --skill load-balancer

Installs into the current project.

Summary

负载均衡配置

Files · 1

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SKILL.md

1	# 负载均衡配置
2
3	## 概述
4	HAProxy、Nginx LB、健康检查配置等技能。
5
6	## HAProxy
7
8	### 安装与管理
9	```bash
10	# 安装
11	apt install haproxy # Debian/Ubuntu
12	yum install haproxy # CentOS/RHEL
13
14	# 服务管理
15	systemctl start haproxy
16	systemctl enable haproxy
17	systemctl reload haproxy
18
19	# 检查配置
20	haproxy -c -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
21	```
22
23	### 基础配置
24	```bash
25	# /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
26	global
27	log /dev/log local0
28	log /dev/log local1 notice
29	chroot /var/lib/haproxy
30	stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin
31	stats timeout 30s
32	user haproxy
33	group haproxy
34	daemon
35	maxconn 4096
36
37	defaults
38	log global
39	mode http
40	option httplog
41	option dontlognull
42	timeout connect 5000
43	timeout client 50000
44	timeout server 50000
45	errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http
46	errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http
47	errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http
48	errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http
49	errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http
50	errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http
51	errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http
52	```
53
54	### HTTP 负载均衡
55	```bash
56	frontend http_front
57	bind *:80
58	default_backend http_back
59
60	# ACL 规则
61	acl is_api path_beg /api
62	use_backend api_back if is_api
63
64	backend http_back
65	balance roundrobin
66	option httpchk GET /health
67	http-check expect status 200
68
69	server web1 192.168.1.10:8080 check weight 3
70	server web2 192.168.1.11:8080 check weight 2
71	server web3 192.168.1.12:8080 check backup
72
73	backend api_back
74	balance leastconn
75	option httpchk GET /api/health
76
77	server api1 192.168.1.20:8080 check
78	server api2 192.168.1.21:8080 check
79	```
80
81	### TCP 负载均衡
82	```bash
83	frontend mysql_front
84	bind *:3306
85	mode tcp
86	default_backend mysql_back
87
88	backend mysql_back
89	mode tcp
90	balance roundrobin
91	option mysql-check user haproxy
92
93	server mysql1 192.168.1.30:3306 check
94	server mysql2 192.168.1.31:3306 check backup
95	```
96
97	### HTTPS 终止
98	```bash
99	frontend https_front
100	bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/haproxy/certs/example.pem
101	mode http
102
103	# 重定向 HTTP 到 HTTPS
104	http-request redirect scheme https unless { ssl_fc }
105
106	default_backend http_back
107
108	frontend http_front
109	bind *:80
110	mode http
111	redirect scheme https code 301
112	```
113
114	### 统计页面
115	```bash
116	listen stats
117	bind *:8404
118	stats enable
119	stats uri /stats
120	stats refresh 10s
121	stats auth admin:password
122	stats admin if TRUE
123	```
124
125	### 负载均衡算法
126	```bash
127	# 轮询（默认）
128	balance roundrobin
129
130	# 最少连接
131	balance leastconn
132
133	# 源 IP 哈希
134	balance source
135
136	# URI 哈希
137	balance uri
138
139	# 首个可用
140	balance first
141	```
142
143	## Nginx 负载均衡
144
145	### 基础配置
146	```nginx
147	# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
148	upstream backend {
149	server 192.168.1.10:8080 weight=3;
150	server 192.168.1.11:8080 weight=2;
151	server 192.168.1.12:8080 backup;
152	}
153
154	server {
155	listen 80;
156	server_name example.com;
157
158	location / {
159	proxy_pass http://backend;
160	proxy_set_header Host $host;
161	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
162	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
163	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
164	}
165	}
166	```
167
168	### 负载均衡方法
169	```nginx
170	# 轮询（默认）
171	upstream backend {
172	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
173	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
174	}
175
176	# 权重
177	upstream backend {
178	server 192.168.1.10:8080 weight=3;
179	server 192.168.1.11:8080 weight=1;
180	}
181
182	# IP 哈希
183	upstream backend {
184	ip_hash;
185	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
186	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
187	}
188
189	# 最少连接
190	upstream backend {
191	least_conn;
192	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
193	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
194	}
195
196	# 哈希
197	upstream backend {
198	hash $request_uri consistent;
199	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
200	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
201	}
202	```
203
204	### 健康检查
205	```nginx
206	upstream backend {
207	server 192.168.1.10:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
208	server 192.168.1.11:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
209	}
210
211	# Nginx Plus 主动健康检查
212	upstream backend {
213	zone backend 64k;
214	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
215	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
216	}
217
218	server {
219	location / {
220	proxy_pass http://backend;
221	health_check interval=5s fails=3 passes=2;
222	}
223	}
224	```
225
226	### 会话保持
227	```nginx
228	# IP 哈希
229	upstream backend {
230	ip_hash;
231	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
232	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
233	}
234
235	# Cookie（Nginx Plus）
236	upstream backend {
237	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
238	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
239	sticky cookie srv_id expires=1h;
240	}
241	```
242
243	## 常见场景
244
245	### 场景 1：蓝绿部署
246	```bash
247	# HAProxy
248	backend blue
249	server blue1 192.168.1.10:8080 check
250	server blue2 192.168.1.11:8080 check
251
252	backend green
253	server green1 192.168.1.20:8080 check
254	server green2 192.168.1.21:8080 check
255
256	frontend http_front
257	bind *:80
258	# 切换后端
259	use_backend green
260	```
261
262	### 场景 2：金丝雀发布
263	```bash
264	# HAProxy - 10% 流量到新版本
265	frontend http_front
266	bind *:80
267	acl canary rand(100) lt 10
268	use_backend canary_back if canary
269	default_backend stable_back
270
271	backe

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load-balancer

55installs12forks

View on GitHub

How to install load-balancer?

chaterm/terminal-skills/load-balancer

$npx -y skills add chaterm/terminal-skills --skill load-balancer

Installs into the current project.

Summary

负载均衡配置

Files · 1

View on GitHub

SKILL.md

1	# 负载均衡配置
2
3	## 概述
4	HAProxy、Nginx LB、健康检查配置等技能。
5
6	## HAProxy
7
8	### 安装与管理
9	```bash
10	# 安装
11	apt install haproxy # Debian/Ubuntu
12	yum install haproxy # CentOS/RHEL
13
14	# 服务管理
15	systemctl start haproxy
16	systemctl enable haproxy
17	systemctl reload haproxy
18
19	# 检查配置
20	haproxy -c -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
21	```
22
23	### 基础配置
24	```bash
25	# /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
26	global
27	log /dev/log local0
28	log /dev/log local1 notice
29	chroot /var/lib/haproxy
30	stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin
31	stats timeout 30s
32	user haproxy
33	group haproxy
34	daemon
35	maxconn 4096
36
37	defaults
38	log global
39	mode http
40	option httplog
41	option dontlognull
42	timeout connect 5000
43	timeout client 50000
44	timeout server 50000
45	errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http
46	errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http
47	errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http
48	errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http
49	errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http
50	errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http
51	errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http
52	```
53
54	### HTTP 负载均衡
55	```bash
56	frontend http_front
57	bind *:80
58	default_backend http_back
59
60	# ACL 规则
61	acl is_api path_beg /api
62	use_backend api_back if is_api
63
64	backend http_back
65	balance roundrobin
66	option httpchk GET /health
67	http-check expect status 200
68
69	server web1 192.168.1.10:8080 check weight 3
70	server web2 192.168.1.11:8080 check weight 2
71	server web3 192.168.1.12:8080 check backup
72
73	backend api_back
74	balance leastconn
75	option httpchk GET /api/health
76
77	server api1 192.168.1.20:8080 check
78	server api2 192.168.1.21:8080 check
79	```
80
81	### TCP 负载均衡
82	```bash
83	frontend mysql_front
84	bind *:3306
85	mode tcp
86	default_backend mysql_back
87
88	backend mysql_back
89	mode tcp
90	balance roundrobin
91	option mysql-check user haproxy
92
93	server mysql1 192.168.1.30:3306 check
94	server mysql2 192.168.1.31:3306 check backup
95	```
96
97	### HTTPS 终止
98	```bash
99	frontend https_front
100	bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/haproxy/certs/example.pem
101	mode http
102
103	# 重定向 HTTP 到 HTTPS
104	http-request redirect scheme https unless { ssl_fc }
105
106	default_backend http_back
107
108	frontend http_front
109	bind *:80
110	mode http
111	redirect scheme https code 301
112	```
113
114	### 统计页面
115	```bash
116	listen stats
117	bind *:8404
118	stats enable
119	stats uri /stats
120	stats refresh 10s
121	stats auth admin:password
122	stats admin if TRUE
123	```
124
125	### 负载均衡算法
126	```bash
127	# 轮询（默认）
128	balance roundrobin
129
130	# 最少连接
131	balance leastconn
132
133	# 源 IP 哈希
134	balance source
135
136	# URI 哈希
137	balance uri
138
139	# 首个可用
140	balance first
141	```
142
143	## Nginx 负载均衡
144
145	### 基础配置
146	```nginx
147	# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
148	upstream backend {
149	server 192.168.1.10:8080 weight=3;
150	server 192.168.1.11:8080 weight=2;
151	server 192.168.1.12:8080 backup;
152	}
153
154	server {
155	listen 80;
156	server_name example.com;
157
158	location / {
159	proxy_pass http://backend;
160	proxy_set_header Host $host;
161	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
162	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
163	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
164	}
165	}
166	```
167
168	### 负载均衡方法
169	```nginx
170	# 轮询（默认）
171	upstream backend {
172	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
173	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
174	}
175
176	# 权重
177	upstream backend {
178	server 192.168.1.10:8080 weight=3;
179	server 192.168.1.11:8080 weight=1;
180	}
181
182	# IP 哈希
183	upstream backend {
184	ip_hash;
185	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
186	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
187	}
188
189	# 最少连接
190	upstream backend {
191	least_conn;
192	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
193	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
194	}
195
196	# 哈希
197	upstream backend {
198	hash $request_uri consistent;
199	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
200	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
201	}
202	```
203
204	### 健康检查
205	```nginx
206	upstream backend {
207	server 192.168.1.10:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
208	server 192.168.1.11:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
209	}
210
211	# Nginx Plus 主动健康检查
212	upstream backend {
213	zone backend 64k;
214	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
215	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
216	}
217
218	server {
219	location / {
220	proxy_pass http://backend;
221	health_check interval=5s fails=3 passes=2;
222	}
223	}
224	```
225
226	### 会话保持
227	```nginx
228	# IP 哈希
229	upstream backend {
230	ip_hash;
231	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
232	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
233	}
234
235	# Cookie（Nginx Plus）
236	upstream backend {
237	server 192.168.1.10:8080;
238	server 192.168.1.11:8080;
239	sticky cookie srv_id expires=1h;
240	}
241	```
242
243	## 常见场景
244
245	### 场景 1：蓝绿部署
246	```bash
247	# HAProxy
248	backend blue
249	server blue1 192.168.1.10:8080 check
250	server blue2 192.168.1.11:8080 check
251
252	backend green
253	server green1 192.168.1.20:8080 check
254	server green2 192.168.1.21:8080 check
255
256	frontend http_front
257	bind *:80
258	# 切换后端
259	use_backend green
260	```
261
262	### 场景 2：金丝雀发布
263	```bash
264	# HAProxy - 10% 流量到新版本
265	frontend http_front
266	bind *:80
267	acl canary rand(100) lt 10
268	use_backend canary_back if canary
269	default_backend stable_back
270
271	backe

People who liked this also viewed

6 picks

Type