$npx -y skills add mohitmishra786/low-level-dev-skills --skill adc-dac-baremetalBare-metal ADC and DAC skill. Use when configuring analog sampling, DMA-driven ADC, calibration, or DAC output on MCUs. Activates on queries about ADC bare-metal, sampling time, DMA ADC, or DAC channel setup.
| 1 | # ADC and DAC (Bare-Metal) |
| 2 | |
| 3 | ## Purpose |
| 4 | |
| 5 | Configure ADC and DAC peripherals: channel selection, sampling times, calibration sequences, DMA circular buffers, and DAC static/dynamic output. |
| 6 | |
| 7 | ## When to Use |
| 8 | |
| 9 | - Reading analog sensors (temperature, voltage) |
| 10 | - Audio or control voltage output via DAC |
| 11 | - Continuous sampling with DMA |
| 12 | - Post-reset ADC calibration on STM32 |
| 13 | |
| 14 | ## Workflow |
| 15 | |
| 16 | ### 1. STM32 ADC single conversion |
| 17 | |
| 18 | ```c |
| 19 | /* Enable ADC1 and GPIOA clock; PA0 analog mode */ |
| 20 | ADC1->CR2 |= ADC_CR2_ADON; |
| 21 | for (volatile int i = 0; i < 10000; i++); /* stabilization — RM value */ |
| 22 | |
| 23 | ADC1->SMPR2 |= ADC_SMPR2_SMP0_2; /* 84 cycles sample time ch0 */ |
| 24 | ADC1->SQR3 = 0; /* channel 0, 1 conversion */ |
| 25 | ADC1->CR2 |= ADC_CR2_SWSTART; |
| 26 | |
| 27 | while (!(ADC1->SR & ADC_SR_EOC)) |
| 28 | ; |
| 29 | uint16_t sample = ADC1->DR; |
| 30 | ``` |
| 31 | |
| 32 | Run `ADC_Calibration()` / `ADC_CR2_RSTCAL/CAL` per RM on F1/F4 families. |
| 33 | |
| 34 | ### 2. DMA circular ADC |
| 35 | |
| 36 | ```c |
| 37 | /* ADC1 → DMA2 Stream0, circular mode into buffer[64] */ |
| 38 | /* Configure DMA: periph-to-mem, halfword, increment mem, circular */ |
| 39 | ADC1->CR2 |= ADC_CR2_DMA | ADC_CR2_CONT; |
| 40 | DMA2_Stream0->CR |= DMA_SxCR_EN; |
| 41 | ``` |
| 42 | |
| 43 | Half-transfer / transfer-complete IRQs for double buffering. |
| 44 | |
| 45 | ### 3. DAC output (STM32) |
| 46 | |
| 47 | ```c |
| 48 | RCC->APB1ENR |= RCC_APB1ENR_DACEN; |
| 49 | DAC->CR |= DAC_CR_EN1; |
| 50 | DAC->DHR12R1 = 2048; /* mid-scale 3.3V reference */ |
| 51 | ``` |
| 52 | |
| 53 | ### 4. Agent usage |
| 54 | |
| 55 | ``` |
| 56 | /adc-dac-baremetal Set up ADC1 channel 0 with DMA circular buffer |
| 57 | ``` |
| 58 | |
| 59 | ## Common Problems |
| 60 | |
| 61 | | Symptom | Cause | Fix | |
| 62 | |---------|-------|-----| |
| 63 | | Noisy readings | Short sample time | Increase SMP bits | |
| 64 | | Stuck EOC | Clock not enabled | RCC ADC enable | |
| 65 | | Wrong voltage | Vref not 3.3V | Measure VDDA; calibrate | |
| 66 | | DMA corrupt | Buffer alignment | Use `uint16_t` aligned buffer | |
| 67 | |
| 68 | ## Related Skills |
| 69 | |
| 70 | - `skills/baremetal/dma-baremetal` — ADC DMA streams |
| 71 | - `skills/baremetal/timers-pwm-baremetal` — ADC external trigger |
| 72 | - `skills/baremetal/gpio-baremetal` — analog pin mode |