$npx -y skills add product-on-purpose/pm-skills --skill define-hypothesisDefines a testable hypothesis with clear success metrics and a validation approach. Use when forming assumptions to test or aligning a team on what success looks like, before any experiment is designed. To design the A/B test or experiment that will validate the hypothesis, use m
| 1 | <!-- PM-Skills | https://github.com/product-on-purpose/pm-skills | Apache 2.0 --> |
| 2 | # Hypothesis |
| 3 | |
| 4 | A hypothesis is a testable prediction about how a change will affect user behavior or business outcomes. It transforms assumptions into explicit statements that can be validated or invalidated through experimentation. Well-formed hypotheses prevent teams from building features based on untested beliefs and create shared understanding of what success looks like. |
| 5 | |
| 6 | ## When to Use |
| 7 | |
| 8 | - After problem framing, before committing to a solution |
| 9 | - When designing experiments or A/B tests |
| 10 | - When team members have differing assumptions about user behavior |
| 11 | - Before investing significant engineering resources in a feature |
| 12 | - When pivoting direction and need to validate the new approach |
| 13 | |
| 14 | ## When NOT to Use |
| 15 | |
| 16 | - You are ready to design the actual A/B test (variants, sample size, duration) -> use `measure-experiment-design`; this skill frames what to test, not how |
| 17 | - The problem itself is still unframed -> use `define-problem-statement` first |
| 18 | - You want to organize many assumptions and ideas into a discovery structure -> use `define-opportunity-tree` |
| 19 | - The team needs the full business-model picture, not one testable claim -> use `foundation-lean-canvas` |
| 20 | |
| 21 | ## Instructions |
| 22 | |
| 23 | When asked to create a hypothesis, follow these steps: |
| 24 | |
| 25 | 1. **State the Belief** |
| 26 | Articulate what you believe will happen. Use the structured format: "We believe that [action/change] for [target user] will [expected outcome]." Be specific about the intervention - vague hypotheses can't be tested. |
| 27 | |
| 28 | 2. **Identify the Target User** |
| 29 | Define who this hypothesis applies to. A hypothesis about "users" is too broad. Specify the segment: new users in their first week, power users with 10+ sessions, churned users returning, etc. |
| 30 | |
| 31 | 3. **Define the Expected Outcome** |
| 32 | What behavior change or result do you expect? Frame it in terms of user actions (complete onboarding, make a purchase, return within 7 days) rather than internal metrics when possible. |
| 33 | |
| 34 | 4. **Set Success Metrics** |
| 35 | Choose a primary metric that directly measures the expected outcome. Include secondary metrics that provide context and guardrail metrics that ensure you're not causing harm elsewhere. |
| 36 | |
| 37 | 5. **Describe Validation Approach** |
| 38 | How will you test this hypothesis? A/B test, user interviews, prototype testing, cohort analysis? Be specific about sample size, duration, and statistical requirements. |
| 39 | |
| 40 | 6. **Document Risks and Assumptions** |
| 41 | What could invalidate this hypothesis beyond the test results? What are you assuming to be true that you haven't validated? |
| 42 | |
| 43 | ## Output Format |
| 44 | |
| 45 | Use the template in `references/TEMPLATE.md` to structure the output. A complete hypothesis document fills every template section: Hypothesis Statement; Background & Rationale; Target User Segment; Success Metrics; Validation Approach; Risks & Assumptions; and Timeline. |
| 46 | |
| 47 | ## Quality Checklist |
| 48 | |
| 49 | Before finalizing, verify: |
| 50 | |
| 51 | - [ ] Hypothesis is falsifiable (possible to prove wrong) |
| 52 | - [ ] Success metric has a specific numeric target |
| 53 | - [ ] Target user segment is clearly defined |
| 54 | - [ ] Validation approach is practical and time-bound |
| 55 | - [ ] Pass/fail criteria are unambiguous |
| 56 | - [ ] Hypothesis doesn't assume the solution works |
| 57 | |
| 58 | ## Examples |
| 59 | |
| 60 | See `references/EXAMPLE.md` for a completed example. |