$npx -y skills add simbajigege/book2skills --skill investing-from-darwinApply Pulak Prasad evolutionary investing rules for avoiding big losses,
| 1 | # What I Learned About Investing from Darwin — Evolutionary Investing Skill |
| 2 | |
| 3 | **Knowledge source:** *What I Learned About Investing from Darwin* by Pulak Prasad. |
| 4 | |
| 5 | ## Overview |
| 6 | |
| 7 | Use this skill to evaluate investments through evolutionary survival logic: avoid big risks, buy high-quality resilient businesses at fair prices, and stay very patient. It supports investors who want to avoid permanent capital loss, resist over-trading, and prefer robustness over fragile forecasting. |
| 8 | |
| 9 | ## When to Use This Skill |
| 10 | |
| 11 | Use this skill when the user asks: |
| 12 | - "Is this business resilient enough to own?" |
| 13 | - "What big risks could permanently hurt this investment?" |
| 14 | - "Is this cheap stock a trap?" |
| 15 | - "Should I rely on this DCF?" |
| 16 | - "How patient should I be?" |
| 17 | - "How would Darwin-inspired investing judge this company?" |
| 18 | |
| 19 | ## Core Principle |
| 20 | |
| 21 | Investment survival comes before investment brilliance. Like evolution, investing rewards robustness, adaptation, and patience more reliably than precision forecasts, frequent action, or bargain-hunting in fragile businesses. |
| 22 | |
| 23 | ## Workflow Inventory |
| 24 | |
| 25 | | Workflow | User question pattern | Inputs | Steps | Output | Independent trigger? | Distinct references? | Triage score | Should be subskill? | Reason | |
| 26 | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---:|---:|---|---| |
| 27 | | Big-risk screen | "What could kill this investment?" | Business model, debt, disruption, governance, valuation | Identify permanent-loss scenarios | Avoid/continue risk verdict | Yes | Yes | 3 | No | First rule of the same investing framework. | |
| 28 | | Quality-at-fair-price review | "Is this a quality company?" | Moat, returns, industry, price, scenarios | Test resilience, causation, robustness | Quality verdict | Yes | Yes | 3 | No | Must follow risk screen. | |
| 29 | | Forecast skepticism | "Does this DCF justify buying?" | Model assumptions, horizon, uncertainty | Stress precision and replay-the-tape fragility | Forecast reliability rating | Yes | Yes | 3 | No | Same robustness lens. | |
| 30 | | Very-lazy holding policy | "Should I trade or wait?" | Current holding, thesis, new data, opportunity set | Check rare-opportunity threshold | Hold/wait/act rule | Yes | Yes | 3 | No | Same three-rule framework. | |
| 31 | |
| 32 | ## Architecture Justification |
| 33 | |
| 34 | The three sections form a sequential framework: avoid big risks, buy quality at a fair price, then be very lazy. Since each later judgment depends on survival and quality screens, a single-file architecture keeps the dependency explicit. |
| 35 | |
| 36 | ## DIMENSION 1: Avoid Big Risks |
| 37 | |
| 38 | **The Rule:** The first job is to avoid permanent capital loss. |
| 39 | |
| 40 | ### Key questions to ask: |
| 41 | - What could cause a large, unrecoverable loss? |
| 42 | - Is the business exposed to debt, disruption, fraud, regulation, customer concentration, or obsolescence? |
| 43 | - Would a 50% loss require unrealistic recovery? |
| 44 | - Is the investor underestimating extinction risk? |
| 45 | |
| 46 | ### Decision criteria / Checklist: |
| 47 | - Identify existential business risks. |
| 48 | - Test balance-sheet resilience. |
| 49 | - Avoid situations where one adverse event can permanently impair capital. |
| 50 | - Prefer adaptable businesses over fragile strength. |
| 51 | |
| 52 | ### Warning signals: |
| 53 | - Leverage plus uncertain cash flows. |
| 54 | - Cheap valuation masking structural decline. |
| 55 | - Single-product, single-customer, or single-regulation dependence. |
| 56 | |
| 57 | ### Agent instruction: |
| 58 | Before discussing upside, produce a big-risk screen and reject investments that fail survival tests. |
| 59 | |
| 60 | ## DIMENSION 2: Buy Quality at a Fair Price |
| 61 | |
| 62 | **The Rule:** Resilient quality beats apparent cheapness. |
| 63 | |
| 64 | ### Key questions to ask: |
| 65 | - What durable advantage helps the company survive changing environments? |
| 66 | - Is quality natural and embedded, or dependent on constant restructuring? |
| 67 | - Are high returns caused by real advantages or merely correlated indicators? |
| 68 | - Is the price fair enough for quality without requiring heroic forecasts? |
| 69 | |
| 70 | ### Decision criteria / Checklist: |
| 71 | - Durable moat or adaptive advantage. |
| 72 | - Simple focused business. |
| 73 | - Robust economics across multiple scenarios. |
| 74 | - Fair price, not necessarily bargain-basement price. |
| 75 | |
| 76 | ### Warning signals: |
| 77 | - Turnaround stories requiring continuous consultant intervention. |
| 78 | - Confusing correlation with causation. |
| 79 | - Low multiple used as substitute for business quality. |
| 80 | |
| 81 | ### Agent instruction: |
| 82 | When evaluating cheapness, force the user to prove business resilience before calling the opportunity attractive. |
| 83 | |
| 84 | ## DIMENSION 3: Robustness Over Forecast Precision |
| 85 | |
| 86 | **The Rule:** Long-term precision forecasts are fragile; prefer businesses that can survive many futures. |
| 87 | |
| 88 | ### Key questions to ask: |
| 89 | - Which DCF assumptions drive most of the valuation? |
| 90 | - Would the thesis survive if growth, margins, or terminal value were wrong? |
| 91 | - If history replayed differently, would the business still do well |