$npx -y skills add tt-a1i/matt-skills-with-to-goal --skill tddTest-driven development. Use when the user wants to build features or fix bugs test-first, mentions "red-green-refactor", or wants integration tests.
| 1 | # Test-Driven Development |
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| 3 | TDD is the red → green loop. This skill is the reference that makes that loop produce tests worth keeping: what a good test is, where tests go, the anti-patterns, and the rules of the loop. Every section applies on every cycle — consult them before and during the loop, not after. |
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| 5 | When exploring the codebase, read `CONTEXT.md` (if it exists) so test names and interface vocabulary match the project's domain language, and respect ADRs in the area you're touching. |
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| 7 | ## What a good test is |
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| 9 | Tests verify behavior through public interfaces, not implementation details. Code can change entirely; tests shouldn't. A good test reads like a specification — "user can checkout with valid cart" tells you exactly what capability exists — and survives refactors because it doesn't care about internal structure. |
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| 11 | See [tests.md](tests.md) for examples and [mocking.md](mocking.md) for mocking guidelines. |
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| 13 | ## Seams — where tests go |
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| 15 | A **seam** is the public boundary you test at: the interface where you observe behavior without reaching inside. Tests live at seams, never against internals. |
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| 17 | **Test only at pre-agreed seams.** Before writing any test, write down the seams under test and confirm them with the user. No test is written at an unconfirmed seam. You can't test everything — agreeing the seams up front is how testing effort lands on the critical paths and complex logic instead of every edge case. |
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| 19 | Ask: "What's the public interface, and which seams should we test?" |
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| 21 | ## Anti-patterns |
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| 23 | - **Implementation-coupled** — mocks internal collaborators, tests private methods, or verifies through a side channel (querying the database instead of using the interface). The tell: the test breaks when you refactor but behavior hasn't changed. |
| 24 | - **Tautological** — the assertion recomputes the expected value the way the code does (`expect(add(a, b)).toBe(a + b)`, a snapshot derived by hand the same way, a constant asserted equal to itself), so it passes by construction and can never disagree with the code. Expected values must come from an independent source of truth — a known-good literal, a worked example, the spec. |
| 25 | - **Horizontal slicing** — writing all tests first, then all implementation. Bulk tests verify _imagined_ behavior: you test the _shape_ of things rather than user-facing behavior, the tests go insensitive to real changes, and you commit to test structure before understanding the implementation. Work in **vertical slices** instead — one test → one implementation → repeat, each test a **tracer bullet** that responds to what the last cycle taught you. |
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| 27 | ## Rules of the loop |
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| 29 | - **Red before green.** Write the failing test first, then only enough code to pass it. Don't anticipate future tests or add speculative features. |
| 30 | - **One slice at a time.** One seam, one test, one minimal implementation per cycle. |
| 31 | - **Refactoring is not part of the loop.** It belongs to the review stage (see the `code-review` skill), not the red → green implementation cycle. |