$npx -y skills add vinayaklatthe/microsoft-security-skills --skill azure-site-recoveryGuidance for Azure Site Recovery (ASR) — disaster-recovery-as-a-service that replicates Azure VMs and on-premises machines to a secondary region for orchestrated failover. Covers RPO / RTO design, replication setup, recovery plans with start-up ordering and scripts, test failover
| 1 | # Azure Site Recovery |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Azure Site Recovery (ASR) is Disaster-Recovery-as-a-Service that replicates Azure VMs and |
| 4 | on-premises machines to a secondary region, orchestrating failover and failback to keep |
| 5 | workloads available during regional outages. It's a critical piece of business continuity - |
| 6 | distinct from, and complementary to, backup. |
| 7 | |
| 8 | ## When to use |
| 9 | Providing regional disaster recovery for critical workloads with a tested, orchestrated |
| 10 | failover capability. Use this skill to set RPO / RTO, design recovery plans, and run test |
| 11 | failovers. |
| 12 | |
| 13 | **Do not use this skill** for point-in-time backup (`use Azure Backup`), database-only HA, |
| 14 | or generic BCDR strategy without Azure-specific design. |
| 15 | |
| 16 | ## Tier workloads by RPO / RTO |
| 17 | |
| 18 | | Workload tier | RPO target | RTO target | Strategy | |
| 19 | |---|---|---|---| |
| 20 | | **Tier 0 - mission critical** | < 1 minute | < 15 minutes | Active-active multi-region (not ASR alone); ASR as warm fallback | |
| 21 | | **Tier 1 - business critical** | < 15 minutes | < 1 hour | **ASR continuous replication** + automated recovery plan | |
| 22 | | **Tier 2 - important** | < 1 hour | < 4 hours | ASR replication + manual failover | |
| 23 | | **Tier 3 - standard** | < 24 hours | < 24 hours | Azure Backup + restore in secondary region | |
| 24 | | **Tier 4 - dev / test** | 7 days | 7 days | Azure Backup only; no DR | |
| 25 | |
| 26 | > **Rule of thumb:** if RPO is sub-minute or RTO is sub-15-minute, ASR alone isn't enough |
| 27 | > - design active-active. ASR is the right answer for Tier 1 and Tier 2 (RPO minutes, |
| 28 | > RTO < 4 hours). |
| 29 | |
| 30 | ## Approach |
| 31 | |
| 32 | 1. **Define RPO and RTO per workload** — Workload owners + business sign-off, not IT |
| 33 | guessing. Tier per the table. Document the assumption that "Tier 3 = backup-restore, |
| 34 | not failover". |
| 35 | *Verify: RPO / RTO documented and signed off per Tier 1 / Tier 2 workload.* |
| 36 | |
| 37 | 2. **Set up the Recovery Services vault in the paired region** — Use Azure **paired |
| 38 | region** (e.g. North Europe ↔ West Europe) for latency, billing, and Microsoft- |
| 39 | coordinated patching. One vault per region pair per business unit. |
| 40 | *Verify: vault in the secondary region; replication policy created (e.g. 24-hour |
| 41 | retention, 4-hour app-consistent snapshots).* |
| 42 | |
| 43 | 3. **Enable replication on Tier 1 / Tier 2 VMs** — Replication is per-VM. Choose target |
| 44 | region, target VNet, target storage, and **Availability Zone** alignment if used in |
| 45 | source. Initial replication can take hours - plan bandwidth. |
| 46 | *Verify: replication health = healthy on all in-scope VMs; latest recovery point time |
| 47 | stamp within the RPO target.* |
| 48 | |
| 49 | 4. **Build recovery plans with ordered start-up** — Group VMs by application; specify |
| 50 | start-up order (DB tier first, then app, then web). Add **pre / post scripts** |
| 51 | (Automation runbooks) for DNS update, IP changes, app warm-up. Add **manual action |
| 52 | pauses** where a human must validate. |
| 53 | *Verify: recovery plan dry-runs in test failover; documented runbook for the on-call |
| 54 | team.* |
| 55 | |
| 56 | 5. **Account for dependencies in the recovery region** — Identity (Entra is global; AD DCs |
| 57 | need a regional DC or DR DC), DNS (private DNS zones), Key Vault (regional or geo- |
| 58 | replicated), Storage accounts (GRS or RA-GRS), networking (peerings, gateways, firewall), |
| 59 | licences. |
| 60 | *Verify: dependency map; recovery region has working DNS, DC reachability, Key Vault, |
| 61 | gateway connectivity.* |
| 62 | |
| 63 | 6. **Test failover on a schedule** — Run **test failover** into an **isolated network** in |
| 64 | the secondary region at least every 6 months for Tier 1 (quarterly is better). Validate |
| 65 | app functionality, document timing vs RTO target, capture issues. |
| 66 | *Verify: test failover report shows actual RTO ≤ documented RTO; issues triaged within |
| 67 | 30 days.* |
| 68 | |
| 69 | 7. **Plan failover / failback procedure** — Planned failover (with sync) for graceful; |
| 70 | unplanned (data-loss-bounded by last recovery point) for outage. Failback procedure |
| 71 | tested as part of the test failover lifecycle. |
| 72 | |
| 73 | ## Guardrails |
| 74 | - **DR is not backup - pair ASR with Azure Backup for point-in-time restore and ransomware |
| 75 | recovery (immutable / soft-deleted recovery points).** ASR replicates the corruption too; |
| 76 | you need immutable backup f |