$npx -y skills add vinayaklatthe/microsoft-security-skills --skill cloud-app-security-postureGuidance for cloud and SaaS security posture management - combining Defender for Cloud CSPM (IaaS/PaaS) and Defender for Cloud Apps SSPM (SaaS) to assess and harden posture across cloud and SaaS apps. Covers Secure Score, MCSB, attack-path analysis, SSPM recommendations, and gove
| 1 | # Cloud & App Security Posture |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Security posture management spans two complementary layers: **CSPM** for cloud infrastructure |
| 4 | (IaaS/PaaS) via Microsoft Defender for Cloud, and **SSPM** for SaaS applications via Microsoft |
| 5 | Defender for Cloud Apps. Together they continuously reduce misconfiguration risk across the |
| 6 | cloud and SaaS estate. |
| 7 | |
| 8 | ## When to use |
| 9 | Assessing and continuously hardening configuration posture across both cloud infrastructure and |
| 10 | SaaS applications - especially when remediation has stalled or when you cannot answer "what |
| 11 | should we fix next?". |
| 12 | |
| 13 | **Do not use this skill** for: |
| 14 | - IaaS/PaaS workload threat protection plans (use `defender-for-cloud-hardening`) |
| 15 | - SaaS threat detection or shadow-IT discovery only (use `defender-for-cloud-apps`) |
| 16 | - DSPM for AI (use `purview-dspm-ai`) |
| 17 | |
| 18 | ## Pick the right posture lens |
| 19 | |
| 20 | | You need to harden... | Use this | Surface | |
| 21 | |---|---|---| |
| 22 | | Azure subscriptions, AWS accounts, GCP projects | **Defender for Cloud CSPM** | Defender for Cloud → Recommendations | |
| 23 | | Internet-exposed VMs / data with toxic combinations | **Defender CSPM (paid) + attack-path** | Defender for Cloud → Attack path analysis | |
| 24 | | Microsoft 365, Salesforce, ServiceNow, GitHub config | **Defender for Cloud Apps SSPM** | Defender XDR → Cloud apps → Posture | |
| 25 | | Container / Kubernetes posture | **Defender CSPM container plan** | Defender for Cloud → Cloud security graph | |
| 26 | | Code / IaC misconfiguration | **DevOps security in Defender for Cloud** | Defender for Cloud → DevOps | |
| 27 | | Identity hygiene gaps in the cloud | **Identity recommendations (CIEM)** | Defender for Cloud + Entra Permissions Mgmt | |
| 28 | |
| 29 | > **Rule of thumb:** Foundation CSPM is free with the Defender for Cloud plan and gives you |
| 30 | > Secure Score + MCSB recommendations. The paid **Defender CSPM** plan adds attack-path |
| 31 | > analysis, the cloud security graph, agentless scanning, and DevOps - enable it for any |
| 32 | > environment where you need to prioritise by exploitability, not by count. |
| 33 | |
| 34 | ## Approach |
| 35 | |
| 36 | 1. **Enable foundation CSPM everywhere** - Turn on Defender for Cloud across all Azure |
| 37 | subscriptions, connect AWS accounts and GCP projects, and confirm **Microsoft Cloud Security |
| 38 | Benchmark (MCSB)** recommendations and **Secure Score** are populating. |
| 39 | *Verify: Defender for Cloud → Inventory shows all subscriptions/accounts; Secure Score is |
| 40 | non-zero per scope.* |
| 41 | 2. **Turn on Defender CSPM (paid) for high-value scopes** - Enable the paid plan on |
| 42 | subscriptions/accounts holding internet-exposed workloads or sensitive data to unlock |
| 43 | **attack-path analysis** and the **cloud security graph**. Foundation CSPM alone tells you |
| 44 | what is misconfigured; Defender CSPM tells you which misconfigurations form an exploitable |
| 45 | chain. |
| 46 | *Verify: Attack path analysis page lists at least one path; you can trace a path from |
| 47 | internet to sensitive data.* |
| 48 | 3. **Enable SSPM in Defender for Cloud Apps** - Connect each SaaS app (Microsoft 365, |
| 49 | Salesforce, ServiceNow, GitHub, Okta, etc.) via API connector. SSPM recommendations cover |
| 50 | admin controls, MFA settings, sharing exposure, and inactive privileged users per app. |
| 51 | *Verify: Defender XDR → Cloud apps → Posture shows recommendations per connected app, not |
| 52 | just discovery.* |
| 53 | 4. **Prioritise by exposure and impact** - Rank remediations by: internet exposure, sensitive |
| 54 | data, privileged identity, and attack-path criticality. Use the cloud security graph to |
| 55 | group recommendations that break the same path. |
| 56 | *Verify: top 10 remediation list is not the top 10 by recommendation count but the top 10 |
| 57 | by risk-weighted impact.* |
| 58 | 5. **Assign owners and SLAs** - Recommendations without an owner do not get fixed. Route by |
| 59 | workload (subscription tag, resource group, SaaS app owner) into your ticketing system with |
| 60 | a remediation SLA based on severity. |
| 61 | *Verify: ticket count per workload owner is visible; aging report shows median time to |
| 62 | close per severity.* |
| 63 | 6. **Enforce and automate where safe** - Use **Azure Policy** to prevent regression of fixed |
| 64 | configurations (deny new resources without encryption, block public IP creation in tagg |