$npx -y skills add Power-Agent/PowerSkills --skill der-hosting-capacity-mitigationSenior power-engineer playbook for distribution DER integration limits. Use whenever rooftop or utility-scale PV, storage, or other DERs push a feeder into voltage rise, reverse power flow, thermal limits, or protection desensitization — or when the question is how much more DER
| 1 | # DER hosting capacity mitigation |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Start by identifying the binding constraint, not by assuming it: hosting capacity is set by whichever of voltage, thermal, or protection binds first on this feeder. |
| 4 | |
| 5 | ## Preferred action order |
| 6 | 1. Confirm the binding constraint with feeder snapshots at minimum load / maximum generation (OpenDSS, pandapower): voltage rise along the feeder, reverse flow at the substation, element loading, and regulator behavior. |
| 7 | 2. Use inverter capability first: Volt-VAR and Volt-Watt curves, fixed power-factor settings, or export limits — these are cheap, fast, and usually recover significant headroom. |
| 8 | 3. Adjust feeder controls next: regulator and LTC setpoints (including reverse-power mode behavior), capacitor switching coordination with the new flow patterns. |
| 9 | 4. Re-check protection: reduced relay reach from DER infeed, sympathetic tripping, fuse-recloser coordination, and anti-islanding behavior under high DER output. |
| 10 | 5. Reinforce last: reconductoring, an added regulator, phase rebalancing, or load/DER transfers — and quantify the hosting-capacity gain per upgrade so the cheapest sufficient fix wins. |
| 11 | |
| 12 | ## Working rules |
| 13 | - Study the minimum-load, maximum-generation snapshot; peak-load studies systematically miss DER constraints. |
| 14 | - Voltage rise and protection usually bind before thermal on weak feeders — do not stop at a loading check. |
| 15 | - Validate any fix across the daily profile (or a time-series run), not a single snapshot; Volt-VAR that fixes noon can misbehave at dusk. |
| 16 | - Legacy regulators may misoperate under reverse flow; check their mode explicitly before relying on them. |
| 17 | - Route persistent voltage problems to `voltage-violation-mitigation` and persistent loading problems to `thermal-overload-mitigation` once the DER-specific levers are exhausted. |
| 18 | |
| 19 | ## Deliver |
| 20 | - The binding constraint (voltage, thermal, protection) with the numbers and the snapshot that exposed it. |
| 21 | - The mitigation sequence applied, from inverter settings to reinforcement. |
| 22 | - The resulting hosting capacity and the first upgrade that buys the next increment. |